Agriculture Innovation Act of 2023 This bill requires the Department of Agriculture (USDA) to identify, collect, link, and analyze certain data on the impact of conservation practices and other production practices on farm, ranch, and other working land profitability, including the effect on enhancing crop yields, soil health, ecosystem services, and other risk-reducing factors. Additionally, USDA must establish a conservation and farm productivity secure data center that ensures the security, privacy, and integrity of data; make the results of the data collection and analysis available through the secure data center to academic institutions and researchers; and provide technical assistance, including through internet-based tools, based on the analysis conducted and other relevant data, to assist producers in improving sustainable production practices that increase yields and enhance environmental outcomes.