The Forest Data Modernization Act of 2025 aims to significantly update the existing Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program by amending the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 1978. This legislation expands the scope of data collection to include critical new areas, such as forest carbon , through timber products output studies and national woodland owner surveys. It also mandates a clear definition of 'forest' for all data reporting, ensuring consistency across various assessments and international data sharing. A key provision requires the Secretary to prepare and regularly update a strategic plan for the FIA program, with the initial update due within 180 days of enactment and subsequent updates every five years. This plan must outline strategies for implementing nationally consistent data collection protocols, integrating and reporting on forest carbon (including below-ground carbon), and collaborating with partners to leverage existing datasets and advanced technologies like remote sensing and machine learning. The plan also addresses increasing transparency in reporting and expanding data collection for improved sub-State level precision and information on renewable biomass supplies. Furthermore, the bill emphasizes data accessibility, ensuring that collected information is easily available to both public and private entities while maintaining the confidentiality of sensitive data like plot locations and nonaggregated woodland owner information. It also mandates biennial compilations of national forest inventory statistics and establishes a mechanism, potentially an office or data platform, to process complex data requests from external organizations, with the option to impose fees. Annually, the Secretary must report on the progress of implementing the strategic plan, detailing costs, priorities, and the integration of new technologies and improved collection protocols.