This legislation, known as the Indigenous Diplomacy and Engagement Act, aims to significantly expand and formalize the United States' engagement with Indigenous peoples worldwide. It recognizes the common heritage, challenges, and goals of an estimated 476 million Indigenous Peoples globally, emphasizing the need for the U.S. to better assist them in preserving their lands, cultures, and traditions.

A central provision is the establishment of an Office for Indigenous Affairs within the Department of State, to be headed by a Coordinator for Indigenous Affairs. This Coordinator, appointed by the President with Senate consent and holding the rank of Ambassador at Large, will report directly to the Secretary of State and be responsible for designing, overseeing, and coordinating all Federal Government efforts related to diplomacy and engagement with international Indigenous peoples.

The bill mandates the development and implementation of a comprehensive, 5-year international strategy for promoting diplomacy and engagement with international Indigenous peoples. This strategy, to be updated every five years, must identify 10 to 20 geographically, ethnically, and culturally diverse countries with significant Indigenous populations, assess current U.S. engagement, and outline specific programs and activities to enhance diplomacy.

Furthermore, the legislation establishes an Advisory Commission on Indigenous Peoples within the Department of State. This commission, chaired by the Coordinator for Indigenous Affairs and comprising members from various backgrounds including Indigenous organizations, will provide annual recommendations to the Secretary of State on best practices for integrating Indigenous diplomacy into U.S. foreign policy.

To ensure effective implementation, the bill requires the Secretary of State, through the Coordinator, to submit an annual report detailing the strategy's effectiveness and coordination efforts. Additionally, it amends the Foreign Service Act of 1980 to mandate specific training for chiefs of mission, deputy chiefs of mission, and other Foreign Service Officers on the history and culture of Indigenous communities residing near their assigned posts, along with guidance on direct engagement and support.