This bill, titled the "Accountability in Foreign Animal Research Act," seeks to prevent the use of U.S. taxpayer dollars to support animal experimentation in laboratories located in adversarial foreign nations. It specifically prohibits the Secretary of Health and Human Services from directly conducting or indirectly funding biomedical research that involves testing on vertebrate animals in these designated countries. The legislation explicitly identifies the People's Republic of China (including Hong Kong), the Islamic Republic of Iran , the Democratic People's Republic of Korea , and the Russian Federation as nations where such research is forbidden. Additionally, it empowers the Secretary of Health and Human Services, in consultation with the Secretaries of State and Defense, to determine and add other foreign countries of concern to this prohibition. Should any new country be added to the list, the Secretary of Health and Human Services is mandated to submit a detailed report to relevant congressional committees within 60 days, explaining the rationale for such a determination.