This legislation directs the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, to conduct an annual review of defense articles and services currently restricted to the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program. The core purpose is to identify items that could also be made available through direct commercial sales (DCS) , aiming to expedite their transfer to allies and partners. Congress emphasizes that the swift delivery of defense capabilities is crucial for strengthening American national security. The mandated review must analyze several key factors for each defense article or service under consideration. These include the average transfer time from initial request to delivery under both FMS and DCS, and the potential impact on the workload of the Departments of State and Defense if an item were transferred via DCS. Furthermore, the review must assess the benefits to United States national security and competitiveness that would result from such a change. Following each review, a comprehensive report must be submitted to the appropriate congressional committees, detailing transfer times, causes of delays, and justifications for any modifications to the FMS-Only list.