This bill, titled the "Minerals Security Partnership Authorization Act," establishes a comprehensive United States policy to secure critical mineral supply chains. It emphasizes collaboration with allies and partners to build resilient supply chains, encompassing mining, processing, and advanced manufacturing, while prioritizing domestic development and production. A key objective is to reduce reliance on critical mineral supply chains controlled by strategic competitors like the People's Republic of China, the Russian Federation, and Iran.

The legislation authorizes the President to negotiate international agreements to establish a coalition focused on facilitating the mining, processing, and supply of critical minerals and related advanced manufacturing. These negotiations aim to improve economies of scale, foster joint investment in projects, and establish market-based rules for incentives among member countries. Furthermore, the bill seeks to advance economic growth in developing countries with critical mineral reserves and establish best practices for labor rights, environmental protection, and community safety.

The bill formally authorizes the Secretary of State to lead U.S. participation in the existing Minerals Security Partnership (MSP). This authorization includes identifying and supporting commercial critical mineral projects, coordinating diplomatic engagement, and establishing mechanisms for information-sharing and funding joint initiatives with MSP members. The Secretary is also directed to create a database of critical mineral projects to encourage private sector investment and enhance global supply chain resilience.

To ensure effective implementation, the bill specifies qualifications for personnel staffing the MSP, prioritizing expertise in critical minerals, multi-donor financing, and national security supply chains. It also mandates close coordination between the Department of State, the private sector, and relevant civil society groups. Finally, the legislation authorizes the President to maintain U.S. membership in the International Nickel Study Group and appropriates $75 million for fiscal year 2026 to the Department of State to enhance critical mineral supply chain security.