This bill significantly amends the Indian Trust Asset Reform Act, primarily focusing on enhancing tribal self-governance over their trust assets. It refines the definition of "Indian tribe" to align with federally recognized lists and introduces a new, detailed definition for "tribal organization," specifying its structure and requiring tribal approval for multi-tribe contracts or grants. These definitional updates clarify eligibility and participation in the Indian Trust Asset Management Project, allowing tribal organizations to act on behalf of tribes with proper authorization. The legislation expands the flexibility of the Indian Trust Asset Management Plan by allowing tribes or tribal organizations to propose amendments to approved plans, subject to Secretarial review. A key provision ensures that Indian tribes operating under an approved plan will continue to be eligible for Federal funding , preventing any disqualification due to their participation in the program. This aims to support tribes in their self-management efforts without financial penalty. Furthermore, the bill broadens the definition of "trust assets" to encompass a wider range of resources, including lands, natural resources, trust funds, and any resource previously included in an approved management plan. It grants tribes substantially greater autonomy by allowing them to undertake "any transaction or activity related to management of that Indian tribe's trust assets," such as surface leasing or forest management, without requiring Secretarial approval. The Secretary is now directed to defer to tribal discretionary decisions that are consistent with their approved plans and the Act, while also updating public comment requirements for forest management plans to include "interested parties." Finally, the bill explicitly clarifies that these amendments do not enhance, diminish, or otherwise affect the existing trust responsibility of the United States to Indian tribes.