This bill, known as the Preshevo Valley Discrimination Assessment Act, mandates the Secretary of State to compile and submit a comprehensive report to Congress regarding the treatment of ethnic minorities in Serbia. This report, due within 180 days of enactment, will be delivered to both the House Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations. Its primary focus is to investigate potential discrimination and human rights concerns affecting ethnic Albanians, particularly those residing in the Preshevo Valley . The required report must delve into several specific issues, including the "passivation" of addresses that may prevent ethnic Albanians from exercising basic rights like voting or renewing identification documents. It will also examine whether Serbia disregards the proportional integration of ethnic Albanians in public institutions, restricts the use of the Albanian language, or hinders the provision of Albanian language textbooks. Furthermore, the report will assess disparities in central government grants to Albanian-majority municipalities, the suppression of ethnic symbols, and allegations of police intimidation without due process.