This bill, titled the Timber Harvesters, Haulers, and Landowners Market Disruptions Relief Act, aims to provide financial assistance to businesses involved in forest product harvesting and hauling, including landowners who profit from timber. The program is activated when the Secretary of Agriculture declares a market disruption , a determination that can be initiated by a petition from a State Governor or the Chief of the Forest Service. The Secretary must make a declaration or provide an explanation for denial within 14 days of receiving such a petition. Eligible entities, defined as businesses suffering revenue loss and deriving at least 75% of their gross revenue from harvesting or hauling, can apply for assistance. A market disruption is broadly defined, encompassing scenarios like the closure of processing facilities, significant trade barriers, substantial decreases in timber prices, or a general threat to the viability of timber operations. Payments are structured in stages, beginning with an initial payment of up to $20,000. A second payment may follow, calculated as the difference between the initial payment and 30% of the estimated revenue loss due to the market disruption. Furthermore, if market conditions do not improve, eligible entities may receive subsequent payments for up to five years, amounting to 50% of their previous total payments. Funds received must be used for operational expenses, such as payroll and equipment repairs, or for expanding into new market opportunities within the forest product sector. The program is funded by anti-dumping and countervailing duties collected on softwood lumber imported from Canada.