The Reproductive Empowerment and Support through Optimal Restoration Act, or the RESTORE Act, seeks to significantly expand research, data collection, and training opportunities related to reproductive health conditions. Its core purpose is to promote and facilitate access to restorative reproductive medicine and fertility awareness-based methods, which aim to diagnose and treat underlying causes of infertility and reproductive health issues.

The bill defines restorative reproductive medicine as scientific approaches that cooperate with or restore the normal physiology and anatomy of the human reproductive system, avoiding suppressive or destructive methods. It also defines fertility awareness-based methods as evidence-based ways to track the menstrual cycle through biological signs. Notably, the Act prohibits federal entities or recipients of federal funds from discriminating against healthcare providers who decline to participate in assisted reproductive technology (ART) based on sincerely held religious beliefs or moral convictions.

Key provisions include mandates for the Assistant Secretary for Health to conduct literature reviews every three years on the standard of care for infertility diagnosis and reproductive health conditions, assessing referrals to restorative medicine and coverage by health plans. The Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is also directed to evaluate and modify the National Survey of Family Growth to include questions on restorative reproductive health, conditions, and fertility awareness-based methods.

The legislation expands eligibility for Title X award funds to entities primarily engaged in providing or training for restorative reproductive medicine. It also requires the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Population Affairs to develop access for grant applicants specializing in restorative reproductive medicine and fertility awareness-based methods within the Teen Pregnancy Prevention program. Furthermore, the Reproductive Health National Training Center will be instructed to review and provide training on these methods and conditions to staff of other Title X grantees.

The Act addresses male infertility by requiring the Secretary of Health and Human Services to evaluate and develop education within health programs for awareness and treatment of male factor infertility through lifestyle and metabolic modifications. A crucial component is the modernization of medical coding, directing the Secretary of HHS to update diagnostic and procedural codes (ICD-10-CM, ICD-10-PCS, CPT, HCPCS) to accurately classify and reimburse providers of restorative treatments, including the development of new codes for minimally invasive surgeries and bundled payment models.

Finally, the bill mandates expanded and coordinated research by the Secretary of HHS and various agencies on the causes, diagnosis, and treatment options for reproductive health conditions such as endometriosis, adenomyosis, PCOS, and uterine fibroids. This research will also cover male infertility mechanisms, environmental factors like endocrine-disrupting chemicals and microplastics, and the effectiveness of restorative reproductive medicine in achieving pregnancy and live birth.