The Disaster Assistance Improvement and Decentralization Act, or Disaster AID Act, seeks to bolster local and tribal government capabilities in managing disaster response, recovery, and preparedness. It introduces several measures to ensure more stable and accessible federal funding streams for communities impacted by disasters, focusing on both mitigation and public assistance. Under Disaster Mitigation , the bill mandates dedicated funding for State and Indian tribal hazard mitigation offices, authorizing $100 million annually, and increases the federal cost share for hazard mitigation projects to 85 percent for low-capacity jurisdictions . It also allows states and tribes to combine management costs and deadlines for multiple concurrent hazard mitigation grants, and increases advance assistance for these projects to 50 percent. Furthermore, the bill requires the President to set aside funds for predisaster mitigation and obligate a minimum of 10 percent or $500 million of these funds annually. For Public Assistance , the legislation raises the federal share for management costs to 15 percent for direct recipients and 10 percent for subrecipients. It mandates intensive training for jurisdictions within 30 days of a major disaster declaration, covering the entire assistance process. A significant change is the provision for advance assistance, allowing up to 75 percent of estimated project costs to be provided upfront, with mandatory advance payments (25-75 percent) for projects exceeding specific damage thresholds relative to a jurisdiction's budget. The bill establishes a 5-year technical assistance pilot program to assign FEMA employees or fund state/tribal hires to assist low-capacity jurisdictions with public assistance processes, authorizing $500 million annually for fiscal years 2027 through 2031. It also simplifies procedures for public assistance projects by raising the cost threshold for streamlined processing to $1,000,000 and creating a pilot program for high-capacity jurisdictions for projects up to $10,000,000. Other provisions include requiring FEMA to approve funding for relocation of critical facilities that sustain significant repeated damage, expanding eligibility for assistance to subgovernmental units acting as agents for local governments, and mandating public notification if federal disaster fund disbursements are paused for more than 26 business days. The bill also allows unspent management cost funds to be used for capacity building and future management costs, and sets timelines for awarding management costs incrementally after a disaster declaration.