This bill, titled the "Protect Our Prosecutors and Judges Act of 2025," seeks to expand the authority to carry concealed firearms to include current and retired prosecutors and federal judges. It achieves this by amending sections 926B and 926C of title 18, United States Code, which currently grant such authority only to qualified law enforcement officers. The legislation aims to provide these legal professionals with enhanced personal security by allowing them to carry concealed firearms under specific conditions.

For current prosecutors and federal judges, the bill mandates that they possess appropriate photographic identification and a certification demonstrating they meet active duty firearm qualification standards. Prosecutors may obtain this certification from their employing agency or a state-certified instructor, while federal judges must obtain it from a state or certified instructor. The bill defines specific criteria for who qualifies as a "qualified prosecutor" or "qualified Federal judge," including being free from disciplinary action or impeachment inquiries and not being federally prohibited from owning a firearm.

Similarly, retired prosecutors and federal judges would also gain this authority, provided they meet stringent requirements. These include having separated from service in good standing, serving a minimum of 10 years (or separating due to a service-connected disability), and annually meeting active duty firearm qualification standards at their own expense. They must also not be deemed mentally unqualified or federally prohibited from possessing a firearm.

The legislation further clarifies the definition of a "firearm" for these purposes, including ammunition but explicitly excluding machineguns, firearm silencers, and destructive devices. To ensure proper implementation, the Attorney General and the Director of the Administrative Office of United States Courts are authorized to promulgate any necessary regulations.