This bill directs the Department of Energy (DOE) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to conduct collaborative research and development. Their joint efforts aim to improve advanced weather models in the United States by utilizing advanced computing techniques , including artificial intelligence and high-performance computing. This collaboration will be formalized through an interagency agreement and will involve a competitive, merit-reviewed process for funding. Key activities include developing new computing methods, optimizing weather model codes for different systems, and enhancing capabilities to analyze large weather and climate datasets. The bill also promotes open community-based software development and data sharing among federal agencies, National Laboratories, and academic institutions. NOAA, in collaboration with DOE, is specifically tasked with establishing an initiative to develop and deploy advanced weather models, comparing them against current operational models. This initiative will focus on leveraging existing interagency efforts, ensuring long-term archiving of model output, and supporting the training and recruitment of a skilled workforce in weather, water, and climate computing. Additionally, the Secretary of Energy, with NOAA's collaboration, may establish up to three centers of excellence at National Laboratories. These centers will research, develop, and deploy advanced computing techniques for weather models, prioritizing laboratories with existing NOAA partnerships and relevant expertise. Both agencies are required to submit reports to Congress detailing their coordination, achievements, and future opportunities related to these activities. The authority for the initiative and centers of excellence will terminate five years after the bill's enactment.