This bill, titled the "Access to Fair Financing for Opportunity and Resilient Development Act," aims to strengthen the Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFI) Fund and expand its impact. A key provision mandates that the Secretary of the Treasury, or their designee, provide annual testimony to relevant Congressional committees regarding the Fund's operations, at the discretion of committee chairs. This ensures increased oversight and accountability for the CDFI Fund's activities.

The legislation expresses a Sense of Congress that the CDFI Bond Guarantee Program is vital for providing sustainable, long-term capital to CDFIs, thereby fostering economic opportunity in underserved areas. It amends the program by clarifying guarantee calculations, setting a minimum guarantee amount of $25,000,000, and capping total annual guarantees at $1,000,000,000. Crucially, the bill extends the program's authorization until the later of four years after enactment or December 31, 2030, and requires a report on its effectiveness within three years.

To enhance CDFI liquidity, the bill significantly expands the authority of the CDFI Fund to provide assistance. This includes enabling the Fund to purchase loans or loan participations from CDFIs, offer guarantees and loan loss reserves, or provide other forms of credit enhancement. The maximum assistance amount for organizations is increased from $5,000,000 to $20,000,000, removing the previous three-year limitation, and prioritizing organizations with relevant experience and capacity to increase loan originations.

The bill redirects all funds received from the Emergency Capital Investment Funds (ECIF), such as interest and dividends, back into the CDFI Fund to support the expanded liquidity assistance and other financial and technical aid. Furthermore, it mandates annual reports to Congress detailing the use of these liquidity enhancement funds, including the total amounts of purchases and guarantees, their effect on CDFI competitiveness, and their impact on CDFI liquidity.

A significant new initiative is the establishment of a Native CDFI Relending Program, designed to increase homeownership opportunities for Indian Tribes, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian communities in rural areas. This program authorizes up to $50,000,000 annually for direct loans to eligible Native CDFIs, which must demonstrate the ability to originate and service single-family home loans. These Native CDFIs will then relend the funds to eligible Native borrowers, with a priority for those residing on "priority Tribal land."

The Native CDFI Relending Program includes a 20% non-Federal cost share requirement, which is waived for loans made to borrowers on priority Tribal land. It also provides for operational support grants to Native CDFIs receiving loans, equal to 20% of their direct loan amount, and authorizes $1,000,000 annually for outreach and technical assistance. Extensive reporting requirements are put in place for both participating Native CDFIs and the Secretary, culminating in a joint evaluation of the program's effectiveness and recommendations for its future within three years.